Income tax reporting for a life interest trust created by Deed of Variation

I would be grateful for any views on the following scenario please.

The deceased owned two rental properties in the joint names of her and her husband.

When she died, she made specific gifts of her share in the first property to adult child A, and her share in the second property to adult child B.

The deceased’s husband wanted to continue receiving the rental income from the whole of both properties so, to allow for this and also secure favourable IHT benefits, the adult children signed a Deed of Variation within two years of the date of death, to give their father a life interest in the two half shares of the properties and named themselves as remainder beneficiaries, effectively deferring their entitlement until their father dies.

I am now considering the reporting requirements for the income tax payable on the rental income. Deeds of Variation are not retrospective for income tax so, on the face of it, the adult children need to declare the rental income received up to the date of the Deed of Variation on their own tax return, whilst the trustees (or their father if the rent is mandated to him) will need to declare the rental income received after the Deed of Variation was dated.

However, I am mindful that the adult children created a Settlement by the Deed of Variation so may be treated as the Settlors for income tax purposes. I therefore suspect that the rental income will still need to be declared by the adult children on their own tax returns, for them to pay the tax on, but I am struggling to find any commentary on whether or not this is correct.

If it is correct, it may therefore be easier for the trustees to open a bank account to receive the rent, use the funds to pay the adult children’s income tax bill and then pay the remainder to the father. Any advice on whether that would be sensible would be much appreciated.

Have a look at the STEP briefing note at https://www.step.org/public-policy/instruments-variation-current-issues-update

Pre DoV
Rental income arising on each rental property post mother’s death will be subject to income tax on the part of each son and father prior to execution of the DoV.

Post DoV
As you point out there is no “reading back” under IHT A1984 s142 wrt income tax. Accordingly each of the two adult children are the settlors for income tax. Father has a life interest under each trust.

As each trust is settlor interested any income is subject to income tax on the part of the settlors. The trustees still have a basic rate income tax charge (which will be a creditable tax for the settlors). Any income tax paid by the settlors at the higher and addition rates may be recovered from the trustees.

Father, as life tenant, has no income tax exposure.

Malcolm Finney

1 Like